Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women globally, yet pregnancy complications as a risk factor are under-recognised. Assessing awareness and knowledge of pregnancy-related cardiovascular disease risk among women and healthcare professionals can identify knowledge gaps and inform targeted educational interventions.
Aim
Using a mixed-methods approach this review systematically reviewed literature assessing women’s and healthcare professionals’ awareness and knowledge of pregnancy complications (excess gestational weight gain, gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy) associated with future cardiovascular disease risk.
Methods
A comprehensive search and appraisal of peer-reviewed literature was conducted across four databases’ from inception until August 2024. Inclusion criteria were women (>18 years) and healthcare professionals where awareness and knowledge were assessed. This review was guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute approach to mixed-method systematic reviews. A total of 39 studies met inclusion criteria and were synthesised using a convergent integrated approach.
Findings
Themes indicated variable awareness and inconsistent knowledge among women and healthcare professionals. A family history of cardiovascular disease or prior exposure to information increased women’s risk perception. Knowledge differed across professions, with greater knowledge reported among cardiologists, obstetricians, and gynaecologists.
Conclusion
Findings highlight a critical knowledge and research-to-practice gap within maternity and broader health services. Collaboration with women and healthcare professionals is needed to identify practical preconception and postpartum strategies that can be integrated into existing healthcare systems. Co-designed educational interventions and clearly defined referral pathways are urgently required to bridge this research-to-practice gap.