Pediatrics: Maternal Vaccination and Infant Influenza and Pertussis

SOURCE: Maternal Vaccination and Infant Influenza and Pertussis Stacey L. Rowe, Karin Leder, Kirsten P. Perrett, Nicole Romero, Terry M. Nolan, Nicola Stephens, Benjamin C. Cowie, Allen C. Cheng Pediatrics Aug 2021, e2021051076; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2021-051076 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Infant influenza and pertussis disease causes considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. We…

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AAP Clinical Practice Guideline: Evaluation and Management of Well-Appearing Febrile Infants 8 to 60 Days Old

ARTICLE: Pantell, et al., Evaluation and Management of Well-Appearing Febrile Infants 8 to 60 Days Old. Pediatrics, Jul 2021, e2021052228; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2021-052228 ABSTRACT: This guideline addresses the evaluation and management of well-appearing, term infants,…

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Gestational Age at Term and Educational Outcomes at Age Nine: Is It Time to Make the Case for Planned Delivery 41 Weeks?

A research article and associated commentary were published in the August issue of Pediatrics focused on educational outcomes at various gestational ages. The commentary challenges the current practice of inducing…

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Pediatrics: Quality of Care in US NICUs by Race and Ethnicity

ARTICLE: Erika M. Edwards, Lucy T. Greenberg, Jochen Profit, David Draper, Daniel Helkey, Jeffrey D. Horbar. Quality of Care in US NICUs by Race and Ethnicity. Pediatrics Aug 2021, 148 (2) e2020037622; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2020-037622 BACKGROUND: Summary measures are used to quantify a hospital’s quality of care by combining multiple…

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PEDIATRICS: Devices for Administering Ventilation at Birth: A Systematic Review

Abstract CONTEXT Positive pressure ventilation (PPV) is the most important intervention during neonatal resuscitation. OBJECTIVE To compare T-piece resuscitators (TPRs), self-inflating bags (SIBs), and flow-inflating bags for newborns receiving PPV…

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PEDIATRICS: Hospital Admissions for Abusive Head Trauma at Children’s Hospitals During COVID-19

Evidence that reports to child protective services1 and emergency department visits2 for maltreatment have decreased during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to concerns that children are being…

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Pediatrics: Early Determination of Prognosis in Neonatal Moderate or Severe Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Early determination of prognosis is important in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Our objective was to test scoring systems developed earlier (original scoring system) and develop…

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Pediatrics: Beyond Statistics: Uncovering the Roots of Racial Disparities in Breastfeeding

Racial disparities in breastfeeding are similar to those that persist in other facets of health, including infant mortality. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), only 25.6%…

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Pediatrics: Intrapartum Group B Streptococcal Prophylaxis and Childhood Allergic Disorders

Abstract OBJECTIVES: To determine if maternal intrapartum group B Streptococcus (GBS) antibiotic prophylaxis is associated with increased risk of childhood asthma, eczema, food allergy, or allergic rhinitis. METHODS: Retrospective cohort…

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Pediatrics Article: Uncertainty at the Limits of Viability: A Qualitative Study of Antenatal Consultations

SOURCE: Bethany D. Kaemingk, Katherine Carroll, Megan J. Thorvilson, Karen S. Schaepe, Christopher A. Collura, Mar 2021, Uncertainty at the Limits of Viability: A Qualitative Study of Antenatal Consultations. Pediatrics,  e20201865; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2020-1865 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Antenatal consultation between a neonatologist and expectant…

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Pediatrics Meta-analysis: Umbilical Cord Management

SOURCES: Gomersall, et al. ON BEHALF OF THE INTERNATIONAL LIAISON COMMITTEE ON RESUSCITATION NEONATAL LIFE SUPPORT TASK FORCE. Umbilical Cord Management at Term and Late Preterm Birth: A Meta-analysis. Pediatrics, Mar 2021, 147 (3) e2020015404; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2020-015404 Seidler, et al….

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Pediatrics: Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention: Eliminating Disease and Disparity

COMMENTARY: Esther K. Chung, Daniel A. Enquobahrie. Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention: Eliminating Disease and Disparity. Pediatrics, Feb 2021, e2020037549; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2020-037549 ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Koneru et. al, National Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention…

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Commentary in Pediatrics: The Public Health and Clinical Importance of Accurate Neonatal Testing for COVID-19

Source: David A. Schwartz, Daniele De Luca. The Public Health and Clinical Importance of Accurate Neonatal Testing for COVID-19. Pediatrics, Jan 2021, e2020036871; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2020-036871 Preview: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has infected large numbers of pregnant…

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Pediatrics Review Article: Guidelines on Deferred Cord Clamping and Cord Milking

SOURCE: Liyanage, S.K., Ninan, K, & McDonald, S.D. (2020). Guidelines on Deferred Cord Clamping and Cord Milking: A Systematic Review. Pediatrics, Nov 2020, 146 (5) e20201429; DOI: 10.1542/peds.2020-1429 CONTEXT: Deferred cord clamping (DCC) saves lives. It reduces…

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Pediatrics: Long-term Outcomes of Individuals With Metabolic Diseases Identified Through Newborn Screening

Abstract BACKGROUND: Although extended newborn screening (NBS) programs have been introduced more than 20 years ago, their impact on the long-term clinical outcome of individuals with inherited metabolic diseases (IMDs)…

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Pediatrics: The Route, Dose, and Interval of Epinephrine for Neonatal Resuscitation: A Systematic Review

CONTEXT: Current International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation recommendations on epinephrine administration during neonatal resuscitation were derived in 2010 from indirect evidence in animal or pediatric studies. OBJECTIVE: Systematic review of…

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Pediatrics: Commentary on Caring for Newborns Born to Mothers With COVID-19: More Questions Than Answers

As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues, its impact on newborns remains uncertain. Early reports from China suggested that although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection could…

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Pediatrics: Coinfection and Other Clinical Characteristics of COVID-19 in Children

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly identified pathogen that mainly spreads by droplets. Most published studies have been focused on adult patients…

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Pediatrics: Updated Strategies for Pulse Oximetry Screening for Critical Congenital Heart Disease

Updated Strategies for Pulse Oximetry Screening for Critical Congenital Heart Disease Gerard R. Martin, Andrew K. Ewer, Amy Gaviglio, Lisa A. Hom, Annamarie Saarinen, Marci Sontag, Kristin M. Burns, Alex R. Kemper and Matthew E. Oster Pediatrics June 2020, e20191650; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2019-1650…

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